Nicholas goodier



(No Model.)

N. GOODIER.

No. 353,447. Patented Nov. 30, 1886.

WITNESSES:

.INVENTOR ATTORNEYS;

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NICHOLAS GOODIER, OF DARDANELLE, ARKANSAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part 01 Letters Patent No. 353,447, dated November30, 1886.

Application filed May 22, 1886. Serial No. 202,980. (No modeLl T allwhom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NICHOLAS GooDIER, of Dardanelle, in the county ofYell and State of Arkansas, have invented a new and useful lmprovementin Axes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to the construction of that class of axes whichare provided 'with detachable cutting blades orbits which can be renewedwhen worn or destroyed, thussaving the expense of a new ax, otherwisenecessary; and the object of my invention is to so improve theirconstruction that they can be more easily and cheaply manufactured andthe bits more strongly united to and more quickly detached from the bodyof the ax.

The invention consists in providing the ax body with a transverse grooveand a deeper proved ax, the bit being detached. Fig. 2 is a side view,the bit being in place.

The body A of the ax is provided with the usual eye to receive thehandle, and on its forward end with a transverse groove, d, and mediandeeper slot, at, at right angles thereto.

The detachable blade or hit B, which may be formed entirely of steel ortipped with the same, is formed with a transverse tongue, 0, adapted tobe received in the groove d of the body A, and a projection or tenon, b,rising midway from the tongue 0 and adapted to be received in the deepslot a of the body, flush with the surfaces of the same.

An aperture, 0, is formed transversely through the outer end of thetenon I), through which and a corresponding aperture, f, formed in thebody A, near the foot of the slot (1, is passed a bolt, 70, the bodybeing countersunk to receive the head of the bolt k and the nut nscrewed thereon. ,The nut n is preferably notched on opposite sides, soas to be capable of adjustment by a forked screw-driver.

X'Vith this construction the ax-blade, if worn out or irreparablyinjured, may be readily'detached by removing the bolt k and a new bladesubstituted, thus forming a substantially new ax for the cost of theblade alone. In case of injury to the edge of the blade in a place wherea grindstone is not easily accessible, the delay incident to grindingcan be avoided by substituting a fresh blade, the sharpening of theinjured blade being postponed for a more favorable opportunity.

The advantage of this construction over.

those heretofore employed consists in its great simplicity andconsequent cheapness, result ing from the facility with which thesquared tongue and groove and slot and tenon can be formed and aclose-fitting joint secured, and in the easy detachability of the parts,a single bolt alone having to be removed to permit the withdrawal of theblade. A further and great advantage lies in the strength of the joint,greatly increased by the size and simplicity of its parts.

The tongue and groove 0 (I serve to prevent the lateral displacement ofthe parts. The slot and tenon a I) prevent transverse displacement, andthe bending at the joint, to which the united blade is mostlyliable, isamply provided against by the bolt 70, resisting this tendency by theincreased leverage resulting from its-distance from the fulcrum, as itwerethat is, the tongue and groove 0 d of the joint. Further, the boltcan be broken only by shearing, thus presenting ample strength withoutnecessitating the weakening of the body or blade by too large abolt-hole. By forming the bolt of steel ample strength is secured,though the body and main part of the blade be of iron, so that thestrength of a steel axhead is obtained for slightly more than the costof an iron one.

If desired, the body A may be grooved at the foot of the slot a toreceive a corresponding tongue on the projection B, this constructiontending to aid the bolt is in its resistance to the bending at thejoint.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

As an improved article of manufacture, an ax-head consisting of a bodyportion pro- ICO vided with a transverse groove, d, and a cehgles to theslot a in the body, and the fastentral slot, a, at right angles to thegroove, a jug-nut n, substantially as specified.

detachable blade provided With a transverse tongue, 0, and a centralprojection, b, fitting NICHOLAS GOODIER' 5 in the groove and slot,respectively, of the Witnesses:

body, a bolt, f, passed through the body and W. R. HAYDEN,

central projection, b, on the blade at right an- A. H. TALBERT.

